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Prevention of viral hemorrhagic fever is similar for the different viruses. There are a number of different viral hemorrhagic fevers including Ebola virus disease, Lassa fever, Rift valley fever, Marburg virus disease, Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) and yellow fever. Lassa, Ebola, Marburg and CCHF can be spread by direct contact with the body fluids of those infected.〔 Thus the content here covers the prevention of Ebola. ==Standard precautions== The use of standard precautions is recommended with all patients in a healthcare environment.〔 This includes a minimum level of standard precautions for use with all people regardless of their infection status, routine handwashing practices, safe handling and disposal of used needles and syringes, and intensifying standard precautions. It also includes VHF isolation precautions when needed.〔 Limited supplies and resources may prevent a health facility from using all the standard precautions all the time. However, health facilities should establish and maintain a basic, practical level of standard precautions that can be used routinely with patients in their health facility.〔 This requires a source of clean water, routine handwashing before and after any contact with a person who has fever, and safe handling and disposal of sharp instruments and equipment.〔 Washing hands with soap and water eliminates microorganisms from the skin and hands. This provides some protection against transmission of VHF and other diseases.〔 This requires at least cake soap cut into small pieces, soap dishes with openings that allow water to drain away, running water or a bucket kept full with clean water, a bucket for collecting rinse water and a ladle for dipping, if running water is not available, and one-use towels.〔 The handwashing technique that is recommended is to place a piece of soap in the palm of one hand, wash the opposite hand and forearm, rub the surfaces vigorously for at least 10 seconds, move soap to the opposite hand and repeat, use clean water to rinse both hands and then the forearms, dry the hands and forearms with a clean one-use towel, or let rinsed hands and forearms air-dry.〔 Reusable needles and syringes are not recommended. If reusable needles and syringes are used, clean, disinfect and sterilize them before reuse. Needles and syringes used with VHF patients require special care. Cleaning staff should wear two pairs of gloves when handling needles and syringes used with any patient with a known or suspected VHF.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Prevention of viral hemorrhagic fever」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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